What is the process called that stabilizes organic material through the action of bacteria?

The process that stabilizes organic material through the action of bacteria is called stabilization. This biological process involves the use of microorganisms, typically bacteria, to break down and decompose organic matter. During stabilization, bacteria metabolize the organic material, converting it into simpler compounds. This not only reduces the volume of solid waste but also minimizes odors and pathogens, making the waste safer and more manageable for further treatment or disposal.

In wastewater treatment, stabilization is a crucial step, as it leads to the production of more stable residuals that can be easily handled, reduced in harmful properties, and ultimately disposed of or reused effectively. Through this process, various forms of solid waste, including sludge generated from the treatment of wastewater, can be transformed into biosolids that are less harmful and more beneficial for agricultural or land reclamation purposes. Thus, stabilization, by harnessing the biological activity of bacteria, plays a fundamental role in ensuring that organic waste is treated efficiently and effectively.